The Hegelian Dialectic, often described as the process of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis, is a philosophical framework used to shape perceptions and control societal change. In politics, it involves creating a problem (thesis), provoking a reaction (antithesis), and offering a pre-planned solution (synthesis) to guide outcomes beneficial to those in power. Many critics argue that this strategy has been applied in various political contexts, including how West Malaysia (Malaya) interacts with Sabah and Sarawak.
Application of Hegelian Dialectics Against Sabah and Sarawak
1. Creation of Dependency
Thesis: Federal policies centralize power and control resources, such as oil and gas, under the Petroleum Development Act 1974.
Antithesis: Sabah and Sarawak react with dissatisfaction and demands for autonomy.
Synthesis: Limited devolution of power and selective grants, creating an illusion of equity while maintaining federal dominance.
2. Divide and Rule Tactics
Thesis: Emphasize ethnic and religious differences between various Sabahan and Sarawakian communities.
Antithesis: Create mistrust and conflict among these groups, weakening their unity.
Synthesis: Federal government steps in as the "mediator," further consolidating control.
3. Systematic Economic Disparities
Thesis: Underdevelopment of infrastructure and underfunding of Sabah and Sarawak compared to Peninsular Malaysia.
Antithesis: Local grievances rise, calling for equitable resource allocation.
Synthesis: Incremental development projects are introduced, often with strings attached, ensuring continued federal oversight.
Scriptural Insights
1. Manipulative Tactics Condemned
“Woe to those who devise iniquity, and work out evil on their beds! At morning light, they practice it, because it is in the power of their hand.” (Micah 2:1)
This verse speaks against those who plan and execute strategies for personal or political gain at the expense of others, as seen in exploitative federal policies.
2. God's Call for Justice
“But let justice roll on like a river, righteousness like a never-failing stream!” (Amos 5:24)
This highlights the divine demand for fairness and equity, which federal actions often contradict in their treatment of Sabah and Sarawak.
3. Unity in Christ as a Solution
“If a house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand.” (Mark 3:25)
Federal tactics that divide ethnic groups in Sabah and Sarawak directly oppose biblical principles of unity.
Real-Life Illustrations
1. Oil Royalty Issue
Sabah and Sarawak produce a significant portion of Malaysia’s oil and gas, yet receive only 5% royalty under federal agreements. Despite ongoing protests and negotiations, equitable distribution remains elusive. This reflects deliberate problem creation to perpetuate dependency on federal aid.
2. Religious Control
The imposition of federal religious policies, including the restriction on the use of "Allah" by non-Muslims, creates unnecessary tensions in Sabah and Sarawak, where Christians are a significant demographic. The federal government then portrays itself as a peacekeeper, further entrenching its control.
3. Malaysia Agreement 1963 (MA63)
Despite promises to restore the rights of Sabah and Sarawak as equal partners in the Federation, progress has been slow and selective. This reflects a synthesis designed to maintain federal hegemony while pacifying dissent.
Biblical Perspective on Breaking Free
Sabah and Sarawak’s struggle can be seen as a call to return to God’s principles of justice, stewardship, and unity. The biblical story of Moses leading Israel out of Egyptian oppression (Exodus 3:7-10) offers a powerful parallel. Like Israel, the people of Sabah and Sarawak may find liberation by relying on God's strength and seeking leaders who act righteously.
In conclusion, the Hegelian Dialectic is evident in how power dynamics are structured between West Malaysia and the Bornean states. However, scriptural wisdom and unity among the people can expose and overcome these manipulative strategies.
